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Eurofound's EU PolicyWatch collates information on the responses of government and social partners to the COVID-19 crisis, the war in Ukraine, rising inflation, as well as gathering examples of company practices aimed at mitigating the social and economic impacts.

Factsheet for measure PT-2021-43/2889 Updated – measures in Portugal

Adjustment of the Tax on Petroleum and Energy Products for citizens

Ajuste no imposto sobre os produtos petrolíferos e energéticos (ISP)

Country Portugal , applies nationwide
Time period Temporary, 21 October 2021 – 05 June 2023
Context COVID-19, War in Ukraine
Type Legislations or other statutory regulations
Category Promoting the economic, labour market and social recovery into a green future
– Support for fuel expenses
Author Ana Teixeira - CESIS
Measure added 14 September 2022 (updated 10 July 2023)

Background information

The Portuguese government issued a set of measures to support families and consumers amid the rising prices of fuel and other energy products, as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine.

This measure adjusts the tax on petroleum products (ISP), specifically unleaded gasoline and diesel, according to the excess fiscal revenue obtained through VAT applied to fuel. In order to compensate consumers for the increased price of fuel, the measure reduces the excess revenue by lowering the tax on petroleum products. Unlike the VAT which is a variable tax, the ISP is a fixed cost tax.

According to the newspaper Diário de Notícias (Diário de Notícias, 8 March 2022), the measure was announced at the end of a meeting with the National Social Partners group (Concertação Social).  Because the tax is fixed, it requires a weekly review in order to ensure its correlation with the price of petroleum.

Content of measure

Ordinance 208-A/2021 of 15 October is the first amendment of the original Ordinance 301-A/2018 of 23 November. This ordinance sets the value of the unit rates of the tax on petroleum and energy products (ISP). In the Ordinance 208-A/2021 of 15 October the government introduced a reduction in the tax rate on gasoline and diesel temporarily. The tax will be reduced by a unit value of 2 cents per litre and 1 cent per litre, respectively, in order to ensure that the additional gain in VAT arising from the increase in fuel prices is fully returned to consumers through a proportional reduction in ISP unit rates. The measure will be subject to constant monitoring to ensure that it adjusts according to market developments.

Ordinance 208-A/2021 of 15 October was amended by Ordinance 63-A/2022 of 31 January. This change establishes an updated value of the unit rates of the tax on petroleum and energy products (ISP). Ordinance 208-A/2021 and 63-A/2022 were revoked on 14 March 2022 by Ordinance 111-A/2022 when the government decided to maintain the ISP reduction. That ordinance determined the temporary implementation of a weekly mechanism to review and fix the values of the unit rates of the tax on unleaded gasoline and diesel.

Ordinance 11-A/2022 is maintained in force by a set of Ordinances that revise and update the values of the tax rates on petroleum and energy products on a regular basis. The latest update was done through the Ordinance 217-B/2022 of 31 August.

On 5 September 2022 the government announced that the reduction in the tax rate on petroleum products (ISP) will continue until the end of the year (Government Press Release, 5 September 2022).

Updates

The following updates to this measure have been made after it came into effect.

01 May 2023

According to a Press Release issued by the Government on 28 April 2023, the measures to mitigate the rise in fuel prices remain in place for the month of May, with the Government continuing to support all consumers through a reduction in fuel taxes.

The measures in question are:

  • the mechanism applicable to the ISP equivalent to a reduction in the VAT rate from 23% to 13%;
  • the ISP compensation mechanism for additional VAT revenue arising from variations in fuel prices.

Order 113-B/2023 defines 5 June as the end date for this temporary measure, extending it from it's previous end date of 31 December 2022.

Use of measure

No information to date.

Target groups

Workers Businesses Citizens
Does not apply to workers Does not apply to businesses Applies to all citizens

Actors and funding

Actors Funding
National government
National funds

Social partners

Social partners' role in designing the measure and form of involvement:

Trade unions Employers' organisations
Role Informed Informed
Form Not applicable Not applicable

Social partners' role in the implementation, monitoring and assessment phase:

  • Unknown
  • Main level of involvement: N/A

Involvement

No involvement of social partners in the implementation and monitoring of the measure.

Views and reactions

According to Jornal de Negócios (Jornal de Negócios, 8 March 2022), the government met with the Social Partners before the launching the ISP reduction measure. The representative of the Business Confederation was satisfied with the measures. The representative of the union General Confederation of Portuguese Workers (CGTP) was concerned by the fact that the measures were more directed at businesses than families. |The General Union of Workers' representative was concerned about guarantees with the refugees' life conditions.

The social partners will participate in weekly meetings with a consultative committee to address the impacts of the war in Ukraine on the price of petroleum.

Sources

  • 14 September 2022: Ordinance 301-A/2018, of 23 November (dre.pt)
  • 14 September 2022: Ordinance 208-A/2021, of 15 October (dre.pt)
  • 14 September 2022: Ordinance 63-A/2022, of 31 January (data.dre.pt)
  • 14 September 2022: Ordinance 111-A/2022, of 11 March (data.dre.pt)
  • 14 September 2022: Ordinance 217-B/2022, of 31 August (data.dre.pt)
  • 14 September 2022: Government Press Release, 5 September 2022 (www.portugal.gov.pt)
  • 14 September 2022: Sic noticias, 2 May 2022 (sicnoticias.pt)
  • 14 September 2022: Jornal Público, 5 May 2022 (www.publico.pt)
  • 14 September 2022: Diário de Notícias, 8 Março 2022 (www.dn.pt)
  • 14 September 2022: Jornal de Negocios, 8 March 2022 (www.jornaldenegocios.pt)
  • 28 April 2023: Government's Press Release 28 April 2023 (www.portugal.gov.pt)
  • 28 April 2023: Portaria 113-B/2023 de 28 de abril Sumário: Revisão e fixação dos valores das taxas do imposto sobre os produtos petrolíferos e energéticos. A Portaria n.º 111-A/2022, de 11 de março, introduziu um mecanismo de revisão dos valores das taxas unitárias do ISP aplicáveis, no continente, à gasolina sem chumbo e ao gasóleo rodoviário, tendo por base a aplicação de uma fórmula que estabelece os valores das taxas unitárias do ISP a vigorar semanalmente, por forma a repercutir as variações da receita de IVA, por litro, que decorram da variação semanal do preço médio de venda ao público dos combustíveis referidos, conforme publicado a título semanal pela Direção-Geral da Energia e Geologia. Complementarmente, foi introduzido um mecanismo de redução da carga fiscal equivalente ao que resultaria da redução da taxa do IVA de 23 % para 13 % nas taxas unitárias do ISP, através da Portaria n.º 140-A/2022, de 29 de abril, a qual foi revista pela Portaria n.º 155-A/2022, de 3 de junho, Portaria n.º 164-A/2022, de 24 de junho, Portaria n.º 217-B/2022, de 31 de agosto, Portaria n.º 249-C/2022, de 3 de outubro, Portaria n.º 268-A/2022, de 4 de novembro, Portaria n.º 289-A/2022, de 2 de dezembro, Portaria n.º 312-F/2022, de 30 de dezembro, Portaria n.º 38-C/2023, de 3 de fevereiro, Portaria n.º 65-B/2023, de 3 de março, Portaria n.º 99-B/2023, de 3 de abril, e Portaria n.º 106-B/2023, de 17 de abril, por forma a refletir a redução da carga fiscal nos meses de maio, agosto, setembro, outubro, novembro e dezembro de 2022, janeiro, fevereiro, março e abril de 2023, respetivamente. Assim, para o mês de maio de 2023, considerando a aplicação dos referidos mecanismos, o Governo determina a redução temporária das taxas unitárias do ISP aplicáveis à gasolina e ao gasóleo, traduzindo-se numa redução de 15,3 cêntimos por litro na gasolina e 13,1 cêntimos por litro no gasóleo, face aos valores constantes da Portaria n.º 301-A/2018, de 23 de novembro. Adicionalmente, o Governo mantém a redução da taxa unitária aplicável ao gasóleo colorido e marcado atualmente em vigor. Nestes termos, manda o Governo, pelo Secretário de Estado dos Assuntos Fiscais e pela Secretária de Estado da Energia e Clima, nos termos do disposto no n.º 1 do artigo 92.º do Código dos Impostos Especiais de Consumo, aprovado pelo Decreto-Lei n.º 73/2010, de 21 de junho, o seguinte: Artigo 1.º Objeto A presente portaria procede à: a) Revisão e fixação dos valores das taxas unitárias do imposto sobre os produtos petrolíferos e energéticos (ISP) aplicáveis, no continente, à gasolina sem chumbo e ao gasóleo rodoviário; b) Manutenção da vigência dos artigos 2.º e 4.º da Portaria n.º 160-B/2022, de 17 de junho, e respetivo anexo; e c) Manutenção da vigência da Portaria n.º 167-C/2022, de 30 de junho. Artigo 2.º Taxas do imposto sobre os produtos petrolíferos e energéticos 1 - Nos termos do disposto no artigo 2.º da Portaria n.º 164-A/2022, de 24 de junho, a taxa do ISP aplicável, no continente, à gasolina com teor de chumbo igual ou inferior a 0,013 g por litro, classificada pelos códigos NC 2710 11 41 a 2710 11 49, é fixada no valor de (euro) 460,36 por 1000 litros. 2 - A taxa unitária prevista no número anterior integra a consignação de serviço rodoviário, no valor de (euro) 87 por 1000 litros. 3 - Nos termos do disposto no artigo 2.º da Portaria n.º 160-B/2022, de 17 de junho, a taxa do ISP aplicável, no continente, ao gasóleo, classificado pelos códigos NC 2710 19 41 a 2710 19 49, é fixada no valor de (euro) 323,54 por 1000 litros. 4 - A taxa unitária prevista no número anterior integra a consignação de serviço rodoviário, no valor de (euro) 111 por 1000 litros. Artigo 3.º Manutenção parcial dos efeitos da Portaria n.º 160-B/2022, de 17 de junho Mantêm-se em vigor os artigos 2.º e 4.º da Portaria n.º 160-B/2022, de 17 de junho, e respetivo anexo. Artigo 4.º Gasóleo colorido e marcado Mantém-se em vigor a Portaria n.º 167-C/2022, de 30 de junho. Artigo 5.º Entrada em vigor e produção de efeitos A presente portaria entra em vigor no dia seguinte ao da sua publicação e produz efeitos entre os dias 1 de maio e 5 de junho de 2023. Em 28 de abril de 2023. O Secretário de Estado dos Assuntos Fiscais, Nuno Miguel Bernardes Coelho Santos Félix. - A Secretária de Estado da Energia e Clima, Ana Cláudia Fontoura Gouveia. 116420614 (dre.pt)

Citation

Eurofound (2022), Adjustment of the Tax on Petroleum and Energy Products for citizens, measure PT-2021-43/2889 (measures in Portugal), EU PolicyWatch, Dublin, https://static.eurofound.europa.eu/covid19db/cases/PT-2021-43_2889.html

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