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Eurofound's EU PolicyWatch collates information on the responses of government and social partners to the COVID-19 crisis, the war in Ukraine, rising inflation, as well as gathering examples of company practices aimed at mitigating the social and economic impacts.

Factsheet for measure FR-2021-5/1467 Updated – measures in France

National protocol to ensure the health and safety of employees

Protocole national pour assurer la santé et la sécurité des salariés en entreprises face à l'épidémie de COVID-19

Country France , applies nationwide
Time period Temporary, 29 January 2021 – 14 March 2022
Context COVID-19
Type Legislations or other statutory regulations
Category Protection of workers, adaptation of workplace
– Occupational health and safety
Author Frédéric Turlan (IRshare) and Eurofound
Measure added 26 November 2020 (updated 09 November 2022)

Background information

The return of lockdown as of 30 October 2020 is accompanied by a revision of the company health protocol, published by the Ministry of Labour on 29 October 2020. Teleworking must now 'be the rule for all activities that allow it'. All working time must be carried out by teleworking 'for employees who can carry out all their tasks remotely'. The wearing of masks in enclosed collective workplaces is no longer subject to derogation. And the employer can now organise a screening campaign for COVID-19 in companies using 'rapid tests'.

Content of measure

To take account of the deterioration in the health situation and the restoration of lockdown in metropolitan France and Martinique from 30 October 2020, a new version of the National protocol to ensure the health and safety of employees in companies faced with the COVID-19 epidemic, was put online by the Ministry of Labour on 29 October 2020.

Generalisation of teleworking

Teleworking must now 'be the rule for all activities that allow it': all working time must be carried out in telework 'for employees who can carry out all their tasks remotely.' 'In other cases, the organisation of work must make it possible to reduce the number of home-to-work journeys and to organise the time spent at the company to carry out tasks that cannot be carried out at home, in order to reduce social interactions', the protocol states. Thus, the employer must systematically organise 'a smoothing out of the employee's departure and arrival times in order to limit the number of employees at peak times'.

In addition, 'audio or video conference meetings must be the rule and face-to-face meetings the exception' and 'convivial moments bringing employees together face-to-face in a professional setting are suspended'. The employer must always set the rules 'within the framework of local social dialogue, ensuring the maintenance of links within the work group and the prevention of risks related to the isolation of employees working from home'. The employer must also regularly remind employees of the need for systematic compliance with the rules of hygiene and distancing and inform them 'of the existence of the "TousAntiCovid" application (which replaces the StopCovid application) and the value of its activation during working hours'.

Masks: no more exemptions in enclosed collective places

The possibility of temporarily removing one's mask in enclosed and shared workplaces, subject to compliance with other health measures, in certain areas, is removed from the protocol. Thus, the wearing of masks must be systematic for people in enclosed and shared workplaces.

Authorisation for screening in companies using rapid tests

'In addition to the screening campaigns organised by the health authorities and in which companies can participate, employers can, in compliance with the regulatory conditions, propose screening actions to those of their employees who are volunteers', the protocol now states. Until now, any screening action organised by the company was prohibited.

This new possibility only concerns 'rapid tests authorised' by the health authorities, in compliance with the prescribed conditions of use. The employer must finance all of these screening actions, which must be 'carried out under conditions that guarantee the proper performance of these tests and the strict preservation of medical confidentiality'. Thus, the results of the tests may not be communicated to the employer or its employees.

On the other hand, an employer still cannot organise a serological testing campaign.

Updates

The following updates to this measure have been made after it came into effect.

01 August 2022

The national protocol has ended on 14 March 2022. Then the Ministry of Labour has launched the "Reference guide to measures for preventing the risk of contamination by COVID-19 outside epidemic situations", that has been updated on 1st August 2022. The guide contains recommendations that are very light compared to the national protocol.

Given the continuing high level of circulation of the virus and the fear of a new wave of the pandemic in the autumn, the Ministry of Labour updated its Reference guide. Wearing a mask is 'recommended in crowded places, enclosed spaces, in places of high traffic, especially in public transport and in the presence of fragile people'.

The guide provides details on the situation of people who are particularly vulnerable to COVID-19. It recalls that those whose safety cannot be ensured by reinforced protective measures and who cannot work remotely can apply for a medical certificate of isolation and benefit from compensation for partial activity. This specific scheme, which was due to expire at the end of July 2022, has in fact been extended.

But above all, the Ministry of Labour invites employers to pay particular attention when employees who have previously benefited from this partial activity scheme return to work. In addition to the implementation of reinforced protection measures, the return of the employees concerned to the workplace must, according to the Ministry of Labour, allow them to resume their activity in complete safety. To this end, the return to the company must be organised in the context of a dialogue with the employer. In this respect, the guide recommends that companies seek 'the support of occupational health and prevention services, particularly in the context of return visits, and if necessary their occupational reintegration prevention unit'.

30 December 2021

The national protocol to ensure the health and safety of employees in companies faced with the COVID-19 epidemic is a reference document to ensure the health and safety of employees and the continuation of economic activity.

It was updated on 30 December 2021 to take into account the epidemic recovery. The main changes in this new version concern strict compliance with barrier measures and teleworking. Telework must be used, where possible, on at least three days per week for a period of three weeks, this minimum being increased to four days in companies which have the possibility of doing so. In addition, administrative fines of up to €1,000 per employee concerned, up to a maximum of €50,000, should soon be available for employers who refuse to implement telework.

08 December 2021

Faced with the scale of the fifth wave of COVID-19 and the emergence of the Omicron variant, the Ministry of Labour updated, on 8 December 2021, the National protocol for ensuring the health and safety of employees in companies. The updated protocol calls for the reinforcement of the use of telework, always in the framework of social dialogue. Thus, 'in the context of an epidemic recovery, the target should be two to three days of telework per week, subject to constraints linked to the organisation of work and the situation of employees', the protocol states. The aim is to promote the prevention of the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, with teleworking playing a part in this, by limiting social interactions. But the use of telework is not made compulsory, the government relies on the responsibility of employers.

21 September 2021

On 21 September 2021, the Ministry of Labour published an updated version of the national protocol to ensure the health and safety of employees in the face of the COVID-19 epidemic. The new version takes into account the publication of the decree of 9 September relating to the conditions for the return to work of vulnerable people.

09 August 2021

On 9 August 2021, the Ministry of Labour published an updated version of the national protocol to ensure the health and safety of employees in the face of the COVID-19 epidemic. In particular, it takes into account the law on the management of the health crisis of 5 August 2021 and its implementing measures, which make it compulsory for carers to be vaccinated against COVID-19 and extend the scope of the health pass from 9 August, including to employees in the places concerned from 30 August.

30 June 2021

In its new version applicable on 30 June, the health protocol continues to require employers to set, within the framework of local social dialogue, a minimum number of days of telework per week for the activities that allow it, and to enforce compliance with the barrier measures. However, this update of 30 June provides for some relaxations favouring in particular the return of the collective in companies. It is also accompanied by an update of the sheet on the operation of company restaurants during the COVID-19 epidemic.

02 June 2021

As of 9 June, the employer, in the framework of social dialogue, will have to set a minimum number of days of telework per week for the activities that allow it, according to the company health protocol updated by the Ministry of Labour on 2 June and applicable as of 9 June. This protocol therefore puts an end to the rule of 100% telework. The moments of conviviality will again be able to be organised face-to-face, respecting the barrier gestures as well as the rules of distancing and ventilation.

18 May 2021

Since 19 May, "non-essential" shops, restaurant terraces, theatres, museums and cinemas have reopened. The Ministry of Labour updated the company health protocol on 18 May. Employers must make their employees aware of the collective prevention and protection measures against COVID-19. The protocol emphasises the importance of good ventilation in the workplace and recommends allowing air to circulate by leaving doors and windows open as long as possible during the working day.

08 April 2021

On 18 March 2021 and 8 April 2021, as part of the strengthening of health measures, the National protocol to ensure the health and safety of employees in companies faced with the COVID-19 epidemic has been updated:

  • by asking employers in the 16 departments subject to new restrictions to define action plans to reduce as much as possible the time spent on site by employees who can telework. This has been extended on national level from 3 April 2021 since the third lockdown.
  • by setting up, as far as possible, packed lunches to be taken away and consumed at the workplace for all or some of the employees;
  • by having lunch alone, leaving an empty seat in front of you, and strictly respecting the 2-meter distance rule between each person;
  • by systematically adapting the opening hours for collective catering in order to limit the number of people present at the same time as much as possible;
  • by limiting carpooling situations as much as possible and, if necessary,
  • by respecting barrier measures, particularly the wearing of masks;
  • by reminding their employees of the rules applicable to the isolation of contact and symptomatic cases as well as the possibility of declaring themselves on declareameli.fr as soon as symptoms appear, in order to benefit from a work stoppage.
12 February 2021

Since the Summer 2020, the practice of telework has been relaxed and the share of teleworker among the workforce has decreased. The last National protocol of 29 January warns employers to apply strictly the telework recommendations: the new document stresses that in the current exceptional circumstances, linked to the threat of the epidemic, telework must be the rule for all activities that allow it. In this context, the working time carried out in telework is increased to 100% for employees who can carry out all their tasks remotely.

29 January 2021

The National protocol has been updated on 29 January 2021. The new document stresses that in the current exceptional circumstances, linked to the threat of the epidemic, telework must be the rule for all activities that allow it. In this context, the working time carried out in telework is increased to 100% for employees who can carry out all their tasks remotely.

Use of measure

It applies to all private law employers and employees. According to a study carried out on the basis of a "TraCov" survey conducted from 27 January to 7 March 2021 by the DARES (Ministry of Labour), it emerges that during the first half of 2021, only 52% of employees strictly applied the recommendations of the health authorities to combat the spread of COVID-19 in a professional context. This analysis by DARES highlights the blocking factors linked to the organisation of work or, on the contrary, those encouraging compliance with these barrier measures.

Target groups

Workers Businesses Citizens
Applies to all workers Applies to all businesses Does not apply to citizens

Actors and funding

Actors Funding
National government
No special funding required

Social partners

Social partners' role in designing the measure and form of involvement:

Trade unions Employers' organisations
Role Consulted Consulted
Form Direct consultation outside a formal body Consultation through tripartite or bipartite social dialogue bodies

Social partners' role in the implementation, monitoring and assessment phase:

  • No involvement
  • Main level of involvement: Peak or cross-sectoral level

Involvement

Peak level social partners organisations are consulted during the design process of the protocol, even formally.

Views and reactions

No information available.

Sources

  • 29 October 2020: Protocole national pour assurer la santé et la sécurité des salariés en entreprise face à l’épidémie de Covid-19, mis à jour par le ministère du Travail le 29 octobre 2020
  • 16 March 2021: Protocole national pour assurer la santé et la sécurité des salariés en entreprise face à l’épidémie de COVID-19 (travail-emploi.gouv.fr)
  • 08 April 2021: Protocole national pour assurer la santé et la sécurité des salariés en entreprise face à l’épidémie de COVID-19 (travail-emploi.gouv.fr)
  • 09 June 2021: Protocole sanitaire en entreprise face à l’épidémie de Covid-19 applicable à compter du 9 juin 2021, mis à jour par le ministère du Travail le 2 juin 2021 Protocole sanitaire en entreprise face à l’épidémie de Covid-19
  • 30 June 2021: Protocole sanitaire en entreprise face à l’épidémie de Covid-19 applicable à compter du 9 juin 2021, mis à jour par le ministère du Travail le 2 juin 2021 Protocole sanitaire en entreprise face à l’épidémie de Covid-19 (travail-emploi.gouv.fr)
  • 21 September 2021: Protocole national pour assurer la santé et la sécurité des salariés en entreprise face à l’épidémie de Covid-19 (travail-emploi.gouv.fr)
  • 30 December 2021: Protocole national pour assurer la santé et la sécurité des salariés en entreprise face à l’épidémie de COVID-19 (travail-emploi.gouv.fr)
  • 16 March 2022: Guide repère des mesures de prévention des risques de contamination au Covid-19 (travail-emploi.gouv.fr)
  • 29 June 2022: Quelles organisations du travail ont favorisé la prévention de la contamination pendant la crise sanitaire ? (dares.travail-emploi.gouv.fr)
  • 01 August 2022: Guide repère des mesures de prévention des risques de contamination au Covid-19 (travail-emploi.gouv.fr)

Citation

Eurofound (2020), National protocol to ensure the health and safety of employees, measure FR-2021-5/1467 (measures in France), EU PolicyWatch, Dublin, https://static.eurofound.europa.eu/covid19db/cases/FR-2021-5_1467.html

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